Grooming Classroomnotes 14/Mar/2023

IP Address

  • IP Address is used to uniquely identify the device
  • Execute ipconfig
    Preview
  • IP Address = Network id + host id
  • IP format which are looking at is IPV4 X.X.X.X which is a 32 bit number represented as 4 octets
  • Range of IPv4 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255

How to find out Network id and Host id

  • SM has two possible values 0 or 255 (my representation is decimal)
  • Find out Network id and Host id

     1   2  3  4
IP: 192.168.0.116
SM: 255.255.255.0

Octects with 255 as SM
1,2,3

Network id: 192.168.0

Octects with 0 as SM
4
host id: 116
  • other example
ip: 10.10.0.11
SM: 255.255.0.0

network id: 10.10
host id: 0.11
  • other example
ip 10.0.0.7
SM: 255.0.0.0

network id: 10
host id: 0.0.7
  • Along with this we can also tell one more info
     1   2  3  4
IP: 192.168.0.116
SM: 255.255.255.0

Octects with 255 as SM
1,2,3

Network id: 192.168.0

Octects with 0 as SM
4
host id: 116
size => 1 Octect => 8 => 2^8 => 256 (devices)


ip: 10.10.0.11
SM: 255.255.0.0

network id: 10.10
host id: 0.11
Size => 2 Octects => 16 => 2^16 => 65536 (devices)

ip 10.0.0.7
SM: 255.0.0.0

network id: 10
host id: 0.0.7
Size = 3 Octects => 24 bits => 2^24 = 16777216 (devices)

Private Networks

  • There are three ip ranges reserved for private networking
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Router

  • Router is a device which can forward packets from one network to another
  • Default Gateway in ipconfig reprsents your router.
  • NAT (Network Address Translation) : This server establishes internet connectivity for private networks as it does Address Translations.

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