Networking Contd..

• Every machine connected to the network gets an ip address
• Ip Address has two versions
  • Ipv4:
    • This is a 32 bit address
    • Represented in decimal
  • Ipv6:
    • This is 128 bit address
    • This is generally represented in hexadecimal

IpV4:

• This is represented as x.x.x.x. Each x represents an octet (8-bit). In Each octet we can have the decimal values ranging from 0 to 255
• min => 0.0.0.0 max => 255.255.255.255
• How many devices can we connect using ipv4 4,294,967,296
• Let me get ip of my laptop
  
• IP Address is Network Id + Host Id

ip: 192.168.0.10
sm: 255.255.255.0
nid: 192.168.0
hid:           10
size of hid (number of bits): 8 
number of hosts in this network => 2^8 - 1 - 1 = 254 ( 2^n - 2)


ip: 10.11.25.26
sm: 255.0.0.0
nid: 10
hid: 11.25.26
size of hid (number of bits): 3*8 = 24
number of hosts = (2^24 -2)

ip: 172.17.0.40
sm: 255.255.0.0
nid: 172.17
hid: 0.40
size of hid (number of bits): 2*8 = 16
number of hosts = (2^16 -2)

• The below network has 8 bits for host id i.e (2^8-2) = 254. Max size of systems that can be connected to this network is 254

ip: 192.168.0.10
sm: 255.255.255.0

• In the same way

ip: 172.17.0.40
sm: 255.255.0.0

number of devices (network size) => 2^16-2 => 65536-2 = 65534