Identifying the network id and host id

• Example Ip configuration 1:

ip : 192.168.0.100
sm : 255.255.255.0

• The above mentioned ip address is ipv4 which is 32 bit address. The ip is represented as X.X.X.X where X is octet (8 bits)
• To identify network id and host id

ip : 192.168.0.100
sm : 255.255.255.0
nid: 192.168.0
hid:            100

how many octects for host id = 1 
how many devices can i connect in this = 2^8 - 1 - 1 => 2^8-2 (2^n-2) = 254

• Binary to decimal converter Refer Here