Networking Basics

• Ipaddress:

  • Is an unique id given to the system to in a network to communicated

  • How would a network assign an ip address?

  • When i check for ipconfig i’m getting subnet mask and default gateway. What is relevance of Subnet mask & Default Gateway in a network?

How would Network assign an ipaddress

• Network assigns ip addresses to the device based on the network range defined while creating network.
• Create a network with a range of ipaddress from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.0.255.
• Lets try to understand ip address
  • IpV4 (Internet Protocol Version 4):
    • This scheme has 32 bit ip addresss grouped as 4 Octects. The ip will be in the format of x.x.x.x where x is an octet(8 bits)
    • Each Octet can have a minimum value of 0 and max of 255, so ip address range will be 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255
    • We have to fit in these ranges for all the machines in the world
    • While creating a network i would be defining the ip address range from the above ip range.
    • When i create a network, we need to decide if it is public network (accessible over internet) or Private Network.
    • IP V4 has specific ranges for reserved ip address for private network
      • 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
      • 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
      • 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
    • When a device is connected to the network, device will be assigned an ip address using a DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Server from the network range.
  • IpV6 (Internet Protocol Version 6)
    • This schemed uses 128-bit addressing