Amazon Machine Image

• All Virtualizations require some image to start the Virtual Machine
• Amazon Machine Image is clone of Hard disk with OS and some metadata.
• Creating Amazon Machine Image:
  • Create an EC2 Instance
  • Configure EC2 instance with necessary software/configurations
  • Create an EC2 Image
• Amazon Machine Image will have Storage Costs.
• Automated way of Creating AMIs
  • using AWS CLI
  • Using Packer
• AMI will be create in only one Region. If you want a multi region AMI, Create AMI and copy across other regions(AMI id changes). Each Region has a unique AMI

CLI TO Create AWS Ec2 AMI

• Create an IAM User with EC2 full access and Programmatic Access
• Install AWS CLI Refer Here and Configure the user using

aws configure

• Create an Ec2 machine.

aws ec2 run-instances --count 1 --image-id ami-06d51e91cea0dac8d --instance-type t2.micro --key-name ec2learnings --security-group-ids sg-00d319006f01acfd5 --subnet-id subnet-030f585b

• After Launching an Ec2 machine, install apache2

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apache2 -y

• Create an AMI by executing the following CLI command

aws ec2 create-image --instance-id <instance id> --name my-apache-1
# make  a note of AMI id

• Execute describe AMI till the status is Available

aws ec2 describe-image --image-id <image-idfromabovecommand>

• Now launch the Ec2 machine with your image

aws ec2 run-instances --count 1 --image-id <my-apache-1-id> --instance-type t2.micro --key-name ec2learnings --security-group-ids sg-00d319006f01acfd5 --subnet-id subnet-030f585b

• Now login into the machine and check the machine for the contents/configurations, they will match.

Exercise: Create an Amazon Machine Image

• Create a ubuntu machine
• Login into the machine and install lamp stack. Refer Here
• Manual Steps

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install apache2 -y
sudo apt-get install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-cli -y
# Create a file at /var/www/html/info.php
sudo nano /var/www/html/info.php

# Contents
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

sudo apt-get install stress -y

Scaling

• Vertical Scaling:
  • Increasing the hardware resource configuration.
  • Downtime will be required
• Horizontal Scaling
  • Increase VMs or Servers
  • Doesn’t require a downtime for existing server

Scaling vs Elasticity

• Scaling is all about increasing
• Elasticity is about increasing and decreasing as well
• In AWS we use Elasticity.
• Vertical Scaling Can be achieved by using Change Instance Type after shutdown of Ec2 instance (Stopped)
• Horizontal Scaling is achieved by Auto Scaling Groups