Ansible Contd
Ansible Special variables
Ansible Parallelism
- This is referred as forks Refer Here
- Execution strategies:
- Inventory ordering strategies: Refer Here
Ansible on Windows
- Ansible control node cannot be on windows, where as nodes can be windows
- Ansible expects powershell and dotnet to be present on the windows servers
- Ansible connects to windows servers using two ways
-
Ansible windows connectivity Refer Here
-
Create a file in C:\ConfigureRemotingForAnsible.ps1 with following content Refer Here
#!powershell
#Requires -Version 3.0
# Configure a Windows host for remote management with Ansible
# -----------------------------------------------------------
#
# This script checks the current WinRM (PS Remoting) configuration and makes
# the necessary changes to allow Ansible to connect, authenticate and
# execute PowerShell commands.
#
# All events are logged to the Windows EventLog, useful for unattended runs.
#
# Use option -Verbose in order to see the verbose output messages.
#
# Use option -CertValidityDays to specify how long this certificate is valid
# starting from today. So you would specify -CertValidityDays 3650 to get
# a 10-year valid certificate.
#
# Use option -ForceNewSSLCert if the system has been SysPreped and a new
# SSL Certificate must be forced on the WinRM Listener when re-running this
# script. This is necessary when a new SID and CN name is created.
#
# Use option -EnableCredSSP to enable CredSSP as an authentication option.
#
# Use option -DisableBasicAuth to disable basic authentication.
#
# Use option -SkipNetworkProfileCheck to skip the network profile check.
# Without specifying this the script will only run if the device's interfaces
# are in DOMAIN or PRIVATE zones. Provide this switch if you want to enable
# WinRM on a device with an interface in PUBLIC zone.
#
# Use option -SubjectName to specify the CN name of the certificate. This
# defaults to the system's hostname and generally should not be specified.
# Written by Trond Hindenes <trond@hindenes.com>
# Updated by Chris Church <cchurch@ansible.com>
# Updated by Michael Crilly <mike@autologic.cm>
# Updated by Anton Ouzounov <Anton.Ouzounov@careerbuilder.com>
# Updated by Nicolas Simond <contact@nicolas-simond.com>
# Updated by Dag Wieërs <dag@wieers.com>
# Updated by Jordan Borean <jborean93@gmail.com>
# Updated by Erwan Quélin <erwan.quelin@gmail.com>
# Updated by David Norman <david@dkn.email>
#
# Version 1.0 - 2014-07-06
# Version 1.1 - 2014-11-11
# Version 1.2 - 2015-05-15
# Version 1.3 - 2016-04-04
# Version 1.4 - 2017-01-05
# Version 1.5 - 2017-02-09
# Version 1.6 - 2017-04-18
# Version 1.7 - 2017-11-23
# Version 1.8 - 2018-02-23
# Version 1.9 - 2018-09-21
# Support -Verbose option
[CmdletBinding()]
Param (
[string]$SubjectName = $env:COMPUTERNAME,
[int]$CertValidityDays = 1095,
[switch]$SkipNetworkProfileCheck,
$CreateSelfSignedCert = $true,
[switch]$ForceNewSSLCert,
[switch]$GlobalHttpFirewallAccess,
[switch]$DisableBasicAuth = $false,
[switch]$EnableCredSSP
)
Function Write-Log
{
$Message = $args[0]
Write-EventLog -LogName Application -Source $EventSource -EntryType Information -EventId 1 -Message $Message
}
Function Write-VerboseLog
{
$Message = $args[0]
Write-Verbose $Message
Write-Log $Message
}
Function Write-HostLog
{
$Message = $args[0]
Write-Output $Message
Write-Log $Message
}
Function New-LegacySelfSignedCert
{
Param (
[string]$SubjectName,
[int]$ValidDays = 1095
)
$hostnonFQDN = $env:computerName
$hostFQDN = [System.Net.Dns]::GetHostByName(($env:computerName)).Hostname
$SignatureAlgorithm = "SHA256"
$name = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CX500DistinguishedName.1"
$name.Encode("CN=$SubjectName", 0)
$key = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CX509PrivateKey.1"
$key.ProviderName = "Microsoft Enhanced RSA and AES Cryptographic Provider"
$key.KeySpec = 1
$key.Length = 4096
$key.SecurityDescriptor = "D:PAI(A;;0xd01f01ff;;;SY)(A;;0xd01f01ff;;;BA)(A;;0x80120089;;;NS)"
$key.MachineContext = 1
$key.Create()
$serverauthoid = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CObjectId.1"
$serverauthoid.InitializeFromValue("1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1")
$ekuoids = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CObjectIds.1"
$ekuoids.Add($serverauthoid)
$ekuext = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionEnhancedKeyUsage.1"
$ekuext.InitializeEncode($ekuoids)
$cert = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CX509CertificateRequestCertificate.1"
$cert.InitializeFromPrivateKey(2, $key, "")
$cert.Subject = $name
$cert.Issuer = $cert.Subject
$cert.NotBefore = (Get-Date).AddDays(-1)
$cert.NotAfter = $cert.NotBefore.AddDays($ValidDays)
$SigOID = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CObjectId
$SigOID.InitializeFromValue(([Security.Cryptography.Oid]$SignatureAlgorithm).Value)
[string[]] $AlternativeName += $hostnonFQDN
$AlternativeName += $hostFQDN
$IAlternativeNames = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CAlternativeNames
foreach ($AN in $AlternativeName)
{
$AltName = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CAlternativeName
$AltName.InitializeFromString(0x3,$AN)
$IAlternativeNames.Add($AltName)
}
$SubjectAlternativeName = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionAlternativeNames
$SubjectAlternativeName.InitializeEncode($IAlternativeNames)
[String[]]$KeyUsage = ("DigitalSignature", "KeyEncipherment")
$KeyUsageObj = New-Object -ComObject X509Enrollment.CX509ExtensionKeyUsage
$KeyUsageObj.InitializeEncode([int][Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509KeyUsageFlags]($KeyUsage))
$KeyUsageObj.Critical = $true
$cert.X509Extensions.Add($KeyUsageObj)
$cert.X509Extensions.Add($ekuext)
$cert.SignatureInformation.HashAlgorithm = $SigOID
$CERT.X509Extensions.Add($SubjectAlternativeName)
$cert.Encode()
$enrollment = New-Object -COM "X509Enrollment.CX509Enrollment.1"
$enrollment.InitializeFromRequest($cert)
$certdata = $enrollment.CreateRequest(0)
$enrollment.InstallResponse(2, $certdata, 0, "")
# extract/return the thumbprint from the generated cert
$parsed_cert = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2
$parsed_cert.Import([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($certdata))
return $parsed_cert.Thumbprint
}
Function Enable-GlobalHttpFirewallAccess
{
Write-Verbose "Forcing global HTTP firewall access"
# this is a fairly naive implementation; could be more sophisticated about rule matching/collapsing
$fw = New-Object -ComObject HNetCfg.FWPolicy2
# try to find/enable the default rule first
$add_rule = $false
$matching_rules = $fw.Rules | ? { $_.Name -eq "Windows Remote Management (HTTP-In)" }
$rule = $null
If ($matching_rules) {
If ($matching_rules -isnot [Array]) {
Write-Verbose "Editing existing single HTTP firewall rule"
$rule = $matching_rules
}
Else {
# try to find one with the All or Public profile first
Write-Verbose "Found multiple existing HTTP firewall rules..."
$rule = $matching_rules | % { $_.Profiles -band 4 }[0]
If (-not $rule -or $rule -is [Array]) {
Write-Verbose "Editing an arbitrary single HTTP firewall rule (multiple existed)"
# oh well, just pick the first one
$rule = $matching_rules[0]
}
}
}
If (-not $rule) {
Write-Verbose "Creating a new HTTP firewall rule"
$rule = New-Object -ComObject HNetCfg.FWRule
$rule.Name = "Windows Remote Management (HTTP-In)"
$rule.Description = "Inbound rule for Windows Remote Management via WS-Management. [TCP 5985]"
$add_rule = $true
}
$rule.Profiles = 0x7FFFFFFF
$rule.Protocol = 6
$rule.LocalPorts = 5985
$rule.RemotePorts = "*"
$rule.LocalAddresses = "*"
$rule.RemoteAddresses = "*"
$rule.Enabled = $true
$rule.Direction = 1
$rule.Action = 1
$rule.Grouping = "Windows Remote Management"
If ($add_rule) {
$fw.Rules.Add($rule)
}
Write-Verbose "HTTP firewall rule $($rule.Name) updated"
}
# Setup error handling.
Trap
{
$_
Exit 1
}
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
# Get the ID and security principal of the current user account
$myWindowsID=[System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()
$myWindowsPrincipal=new-object System.Security.Principal.WindowsPrincipal($myWindowsID)
# Get the security principal for the Administrator role
$adminRole=[System.Security.Principal.WindowsBuiltInRole]::Administrator
# Check to see if we are currently running "as Administrator"
if (-Not $myWindowsPrincipal.IsInRole($adminRole))
{
Write-Output "ERROR: You need elevated Administrator privileges in order to run this script."
Write-Output " Start Windows PowerShell by using the Run as Administrator option."
Exit 2
}
$EventSource = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Name
If (-Not $EventSource)
{
$EventSource = "Powershell CLI"
}
If ([System.Diagnostics.EventLog]::Exists('Application') -eq $False -or [System.Diagnostics.EventLog]::SourceExists($EventSource) -eq $False)
{
New-EventLog -LogName Application -Source $EventSource
}
# Detect PowerShell version.
If ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -lt 3)
{
Write-Log "PowerShell version 3 or higher is required."
Throw "PowerShell version 3 or higher is required."
}
# Find and start the WinRM service.
Write-Verbose "Verifying WinRM service."
If (!(Get-Service "WinRM"))
{
Write-Log "Unable to find the WinRM service."
Throw "Unable to find the WinRM service."
}
ElseIf ((Get-Service "WinRM").Status -ne "Running")
{
Write-Verbose "Setting WinRM service to start automatically on boot."
Set-Service -Name "WinRM" -StartupType Automatic
Write-Log "Set WinRM service to start automatically on boot."
Write-Verbose "Starting WinRM service."
Start-Service -Name "WinRM" -ErrorAction Stop
Write-Log "Started WinRM service."
}
# WinRM should be running; check that we have a PS session config.
If (!(Get-PSSessionConfiguration -Verbose:$false) -or (!(Get-ChildItem WSMan:\localhost\Listener)))
{
If ($SkipNetworkProfileCheck) {
Write-Verbose "Enabling PS Remoting without checking Network profile."
Enable-PSRemoting -SkipNetworkProfileCheck -Force -ErrorAction Stop
Write-Log "Enabled PS Remoting without checking Network profile."
}
Else {
Write-Verbose "Enabling PS Remoting."
Enable-PSRemoting -Force -ErrorAction Stop
Write-Log "Enabled PS Remoting."
}
}
Else
{
Write-Verbose "PS Remoting is already enabled."
}
# Ensure LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy is set to 1
# https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/42978
$token_path = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"
$token_prop_name = "LocalAccountTokenFilterPolicy"
$token_key = Get-Item -Path $token_path
$token_value = $token_key.GetValue($token_prop_name, $null)
if ($token_value -ne 1) {
Write-Verbose "Setting LocalAccountTOkenFilterPolicy to 1"
if ($null -ne $token_value) {
Remove-ItemProperty -Path $token_path -Name $token_prop_name
}
New-ItemProperty -Path $token_path -Name $token_prop_name -Value 1 -PropertyType DWORD > $null
}
# Make sure there is a SSL listener.
$listeners = Get-ChildItem WSMan:\localhost\Listener
If (!($listeners | Where {$_.Keys -like "TRANSPORT=HTTPS"}))
{
# We cannot use New-SelfSignedCertificate on 2012R2 and earlier
$thumbprint = New-LegacySelfSignedCert -SubjectName $SubjectName -ValidDays $CertValidityDays
Write-HostLog "Self-signed SSL certificate generated; thumbprint: $thumbprint"
# Create the hashtables of settings to be used.
$valueset = @{
Hostname = $SubjectName
CertificateThumbprint = $thumbprint
}
$selectorset = @{
Transport = "HTTPS"
Address = "*"
}
Write-Verbose "Enabling SSL listener."
New-WSManInstance -ResourceURI 'winrm/config/Listener' -SelectorSet $selectorset -ValueSet $valueset
Write-Log "Enabled SSL listener."
}
Else
{
Write-Verbose "SSL listener is already active."
# Force a new SSL cert on Listener if the $ForceNewSSLCert
If ($ForceNewSSLCert)
{
# We cannot use New-SelfSignedCertificate on 2012R2 and earlier
$thumbprint = New-LegacySelfSignedCert -SubjectName $SubjectName -ValidDays $CertValidityDays
Write-HostLog "Self-signed SSL certificate generated; thumbprint: $thumbprint"
$valueset = @{
CertificateThumbprint = $thumbprint
Hostname = $SubjectName
}
# Delete the listener for SSL
$selectorset = @{
Address = "*"
Transport = "HTTPS"
}
Remove-WSManInstance -ResourceURI 'winrm/config/Listener' -SelectorSet $selectorset
# Add new Listener with new SSL cert
New-WSManInstance -ResourceURI 'winrm/config/Listener' -SelectorSet $selectorset -ValueSet $valueset
}
}
# Check for basic authentication.
$basicAuthSetting = Get-ChildItem WSMan:\localhost\Service\Auth | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq "Basic"}
If ($DisableBasicAuth)
{
If (($basicAuthSetting.Value) -eq $true)
{
Write-Verbose "Disabling basic auth support."
Set-Item -Path "WSMan:\localhost\Service\Auth\Basic" -Value $false
Write-Log "Disabled basic auth support."
}
Else
{
Write-Verbose "Basic auth is already disabled."
}
}
Else
{
If (($basicAuthSetting.Value) -eq $false)
{
Write-Verbose "Enabling basic auth support."
Set-Item -Path "WSMan:\localhost\Service\Auth\Basic" -Value $true
Write-Log "Enabled basic auth support."
}
Else
{
Write-Verbose "Basic auth is already enabled."
}
}
# If EnableCredSSP if set to true
If ($EnableCredSSP)
{
# Check for CredSSP authentication
$credsspAuthSetting = Get-ChildItem WSMan:\localhost\Service\Auth | Where {$_.Name -eq "CredSSP"}
If (($credsspAuthSetting.Value) -eq $false)
{
Write-Verbose "Enabling CredSSP auth support."
Enable-WSManCredSSP -role server -Force
Write-Log "Enabled CredSSP auth support."
}
}
If ($GlobalHttpFirewallAccess) {
Enable-GlobalHttpFirewallAccess
}
# Configure firewall to allow WinRM HTTPS connections.
$fwtest1 = netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name="Allow WinRM HTTPS"
$fwtest2 = netsh advfirewall firewall show rule name="Allow WinRM HTTPS" profile=any
If ($fwtest1.count -lt 5)
{
Write-Verbose "Adding firewall rule to allow WinRM HTTPS."
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule profile=any name="Allow WinRM HTTPS" dir=in localport=5986 protocol=TCP action=allow
Write-Log "Added firewall rule to allow WinRM HTTPS."
}
ElseIf (($fwtest1.count -ge 5) -and ($fwtest2.count -lt 5))
{
Write-Verbose "Updating firewall rule to allow WinRM HTTPS for any profile."
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule name="Allow WinRM HTTPS" new profile=any
Write-Log "Updated firewall rule to allow WinRM HTTPS for any profile."
}
Else
{
Write-Verbose "Firewall rule already exists to allow WinRM HTTPS."
}
# Test a remoting connection to localhost, which should work.
$httpResult = Invoke-Command -ComputerName "localhost" -ScriptBlock {$env:COMPUTERNAME} -ErrorVariable httpError -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
$httpsOptions = New-PSSessionOption -SkipCACheck -SkipCNCheck -SkipRevocationCheck
$httpsResult = New-PSSession -UseSSL -ComputerName "localhost" -SessionOption $httpsOptions -ErrorVariable httpsError -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
If ($httpResult -and $httpsResult)
{
Write-Verbose "HTTP: Enabled | HTTPS: Enabled"
}
ElseIf ($httpsResult -and !$httpResult)
{
Write-Verbose "HTTP: Disabled | HTTPS: Enabled"
}
ElseIf ($httpResult -and !$httpsResult)
{
Write-Verbose "HTTP: Enabled | HTTPS: Disabled"
}
Else
{
Write-Log "Unable to establish an HTTP or HTTPS remoting session."
Throw "Unable to establish an HTTP or HTTPS remoting session."
}
Write-VerboseLog "PS Remoting has been successfully configured for Ansible."
- Now execute in the powershell launched as admin
powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy ByPass C:\ConfigureRemotingForAnsible.ps1
- Now verify the winrm with the following commands
Get-ChildItem WSMan:\localhost\Service\Auth
winrm get winrm/config
- Lets create a simple ansible connectivity check, we need to know some special variables
ansible_user=Administrator
ansible_password="QbsT@35GKN7NDc;UEy=qdbTEQ&l9h2MO"
ansible_connection="winrm"
ansible_winrm_server_cert_validation=ignore
- Lets create a inventory with following entries
[windows]
172.31.18.40
[windows:vars]
ansible_user=Administrator
ansible_password="QbsT@35GKN7NDc;UEy=qdbTEQ&l9h2MO"
ansible_connection="winrm"
ansible_winrm_server_cert_validation=ignore
Activity 6: Lets install google chrome and iis server in windows server
---
- hosts: windows
name: learning on windows
tasks:
- name: install utilities
win_chocolatey:
name:
- googlechrome
- vscode
state: present
- name: install iis
win_feature:
include_management_tools: yes
name: Web-Server
state: present
Exercise for Workshop
- We will be create CI CD Pipeline which builds nopcommerce code and creates a zip file.
- I need a playbook to
- install nop on ubuntu 22.04
- install mysql on ubuntu 22.04
- This playbook will be called from terraform or jenkins
- inputs for you will be
- zip file path for you to copy
- database username and password
- Expectations:
- database should be connected from nop server
- Refer Here for the steps
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