Usecases
- Cloud
- Errors:
- SSH timed out
- jdbc connection timed out
- Security:
- How to read the Network Logs
Topics
- Binary arthmetic
- IPAddressing
- Subnetting
Principle
- A sytem can connect to only other system in same network.
What is IP Address ?
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Unique address to identify a system with in a network.
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Network
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What does IP Address Reprsent?
- Network Id
- Host Id
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How do i identify What is Network Id & Host Id? Eg: 192.168.0.10, 192.168.0.100
- Subnet Mask is required to identify Network ID & Host Id
- Subnet Mask has two representations
- Decimal Repesentation
- Binary Repesentation
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Ip Address is 4 bytes in size. Represented as X.X.X.X => X => byte => (2)^8-1 => 0 – 255
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Subnet mask
ipconfig
255.255.255.0 255.255.0.0 255.0.0.0
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Find the size of the devices that can be connected to the network
A 10.10.100.98 255.0.0.0
Network Id => 10 Host id => 10.100.98 => size => 3*8 => 24
size of this network is => (2^24)-2
- Identify the Wrong One in the below image
Problems with Decimal Approach
- 255.255.255.0 ~> 250
- 255.255.0.0 ~> 65000
- 255.0.0.0 ~> 167 lakhs
Lets move to Binary Approach
- Start looking at subnet mask as binary
- sequence of 1 => Network Id
- sequence of 0 => Host Id Examples Ip: 192.168.0.3 sm: 255.255.255.248 smbinary: 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000 size of Network => Number of Zeros =>3 => 2^3-2 => 6 CIDR Notation => NetworkID/count of number of 1
192.168.0.0/29
Ip: 192.168.0.3 sm: 255.255.255.128 smbinary: 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000 size of Network => Number of Zeros =>7 => 2^7-2 => 126 192.168.0.0/25
Ip: 192.168.0.3 sm: 255.255.254.0 smbinary: 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 size of Network => Number of Zeros =>9 => 2^9-2 => 510
CIDR Notation => 10.10.0.0/17 subnet mask => 11111111.11111111.10000000.00000000 Size => 32-17 = 15 bits => 2^15-2
CIDR Notation => 171.12.0.0/12
CIDR Notation => 192.168.0.0/23
Excercise:
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Create a network which can connect to 1000 systems A. 10 bits are required for host size. CIDR Notation => 192.168.0.0/22
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Create a network which can connect to 5000 systems A. 13 bits are required for host size CIDR Notation => 10.10.0.0/19
Private CIDR Ranges
- Some Reservations for Usage:
- 10.0.0.0/8
- 172.16.0.0/12
- 192.168.0.0/16