DevOps Classroom Series – 27/Nov/2021

Git Contd..

• Lets create a new linux vm and try to configure git in this
  • Creating an AWS EC2 Instance: Refer Here
  • Creating an Azure VM: Refer Here
• Configure the username and email
• Git Configurations: Git has three config levels
  • --local:
    • These configs are local to your repository and will be stored .git/config
  • --global:
    • This Configuration is user specific in an operating system
    • On linux or mac systems ~/.gitconfig
    • On Windows ~\.gitconfig => ~ => C:\users\<username>
  • --system:
    • This is configuration for the entire machine i.e. for all the users and all the repos
    • Linux: /etc/gitconfig
    • Windows: <git-install-root>\mingw64\etc\gitconfig
• When we have same configuration defined in different levels then the precedence

local > global > system

• Lets create a local config with username and email, Now create a new commit
• There are configurations which you can set Refer Here
• Exercise:
  • Install Beyond compare or any other diff which you are comfortable with and configure it as local setting for your repository to use beyond compare as diff tool
  • Change the editor for the local repository to notepad or notepad++ or sublime text or vscode on your windows

Aliases

• We can define aliases for the commands which we reuse often
• Lets try to create an alias for the following command git log --graph --decorate --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
• Let create an alias called as history `git config –global alias.history ‘log –graph –decorate –pretty=oneline –abbrev-commit’

Git Protocols

• Git can communicate with four protocols

  • Local
  • Http/Https:
    • Authentication will be
      • username/password:
      • token based authentication: GitHub has moved to token based authentication
  • Secure Shell (SSH):
    • This is authenticate protocol which comes with advantage of being easy to setup
    • Setup:
      • Create a key-pair ssh-keygen
      • Now copy your public key contents to your server
      • This for github
  • Git:
    • This is one of the fastest protocols, however lacks robust authentication feature, generally suitable for read-only access to public projects.

• Note: In GitHub to create PAT Refer Here

Git attributes

• Git attributes define the paths so that git treats the files as binary or text and what language to use for syntax highlighting.
• To create git attributes in the repo we will create .gitattributes
• Refer Here for the collection of useful git attributes

Git Ignore

• This specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore
• To create a ignore specification create .gitignore file
• In the .gitignore file specify the files and folders which you want to ignores which you want to ignore
• We can generate .gitignore contents for all the popular language Refer Here
• Refer Here for the changeset to ignore the unnecessary files from your repo

Setting Upstream

• When you set up local repo first and then push the changes then we need to set the upstream
• To push a branch to remote repo

Adding multiple Remote Repositories

• Look at the below example
• Conceptual overview

Bare Repositories

• A bare repository will have only .git folder and it doesn’t have the working tree
• To create a bare repo

git init --bare

• This bare repository can be used by others to clone and submit commits to that
• Cloning from remote as bare repository