Github

• Github started as a platorm for hosting and sharing code using git. It has become the most widely used repo for open source community
• Github has extented beyond its function as a hosting platform into a comprehensive DevOps platform.
• Capabilities
  • Collaborative Coding
  • Planning and tracking:
    • Issues
    • Milestones
    • Github discussions
    • Integrations with JIRA & Azure Boards
  • Workflows & CI/CD
    • CI/CD (Workflows)
    • Github Packages
    • Github Actions
  • Developer Productivity
    • Github CodeSpaces
    • Github Copilot
  • Client Apps
    • Github CLI
    • Integrations with almost all IDEs
    • Integrates with chat platforms such as Slack & Teams
  • Security
    • Dependabot: Scan repository
    • SBoMs (Software bill of materials)
    • CodeQL (code analysis)
    • Integrations:
      • SynK
      • Veracode
      • CheckMarx
      • Microsoft Defender

Hosting and Pricing For Github & Github Actions

• Personal Usage:
  • Github free plan offers unlimited public and private repositories
  • Many features are available for free on opensource projects but not for private repositories
• Enterprise Usage:
  • GitHub Enterprise Cloud:
    • Additional security features & supports single sign-on
  • Github Enterprise Server:
    • This can be hosted on private datacenters, cloud environments
    • This is equivalent to GHEC
• Pricing

Github Actions

• This is name of workflow engine which executes workflow on events.
• some of the popular events are
  • push
  • pull request
  • issues
• Github actions are written in YAML File. The actions are stored in the repo under .github/workflows

YAML

• This is a data representation format optimized for human readability
• YAML files basic unit is key value pairs

KEY: <VALUE>

• Examples

name: superman

• VALUES come in different shapes & forms often represented as Datatypes
• Datatypes
  • Scalar
    • number
    • text
    • boolean
  • Complex
    • Collection (array/list)
    • Map/Object/Hash
• YAML files generally have extension of .yml or .yaml
• My laptop yaml

name: khaja-laptop
model: latitude 3450
manufacturer: dell
RAM: 64
processor: intel i7 13 Gen
fingerprintsupport: yes
facescan: no

• Collection types: this is list/array of anything (list of numbers or text or objects etc…)

colors: ["red", "blue", "black"]

colors:
- red
- blue
- black

colors:
  - red
  - blue
  - black

• Map/hash/object

address:
  flat: 601
  building: nilgiri
  location: ameerpet
  landmark: metro
  city: Hyderbad

• complete yaml

---
model: latitute 3450
manufacturer: dell
hardware:
  cpu:
    processor: intel i7
    generation: 13
    clockspeed: 1.7 GHz
  ram:
    size: 64 GB
  disk:
    size: 500 GB
  gpu:
    - name: gpu-0
      manufacturer: intel
      gpumemory: 32 GB
software:
  os:
    version: Windows 11 Pro
    bit: 64-bit
    language: en-us
  productivty:
    - office 2025

• Refer Here for yaml tutorial and Refer Here for yaml tutorial from ansible.

Git Tags

• Tags in Git are also reference object like branches.
• Tags references specific commits
• Tags are generally created to represent some milestone
• Tags are of two types:
  • Lightweight tag:
    • pointer to a commit
  • Annotated Tag:
    • pointer to a commit
    • stores extra info tagger name date and message
• Creating tags

# light weight
git tag v1.0

# annotated
git tag -a v1.0 -m "Release 1.0"

• listing tags

git tag

• pushing tags

git push origin v1.0

# push all tags
git push origin --tags